{"id":7101,"date":"2019-09-26T15:59:18","date_gmt":"2019-09-26T14:59:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/smart--grid.net\/?page_id=7101"},"modified":"2024-02-13T13:52:36","modified_gmt":"2024-02-13T12:52:36","slug":"algorithmes-stochastiques","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/stochastic-algorithms-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Stochastic Algorithms 101"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7101\" class=\"elementor elementor-7101\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-968bd5c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"968bd5c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-419b07c\" data-id=\"419b07c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53d0085 elementor-align-justify elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"53d0085\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/2020\/04\/03\/theories-and-algorithms-2\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Theories<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-40c6f67\" data-id=\"40c6f67\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84115a3 elementor-align-justify elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"84115a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Home page<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ac2c7d\" data-id=\"3ac2c7d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4342e9c elementor-align-justify elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4342e9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stochastic_optimization\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Wiki<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a23d434 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a23d434\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b3e09c\" data-id=\"2b3e09c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-275d689 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"275d689\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4121\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4121\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">I. Random search (stochastic algorithms)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4121\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4121\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/stochastic-algorithms-2\/random-search\/\">Random search<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/0096300380900272\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Adaptive random search<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/1098903\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Adaptive random search (step size)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568494614000891\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Adaptive directional random search<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.journals.uchicago.edu\/action\/cookieAbsent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Directed random search<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mathnet.ru\/php\/archive.phtml?wshow=paper&amp;jrnid=at&amp;paperid=11288&amp;option_lang=eng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Localized random search<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mathnet.ru\/php\/archive.phtml?wshow=paper&amp;jrnid=at&amp;paperid=12312&amp;option_lang=eng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rampant random search<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4122\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4122\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">II. Stochatic descent<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4122\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4122\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/stochastic-algorithms-2\/stochastic-descent-algorithm\/\">Stochastic descent<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Parallel descent<\/li>\n<li>Descent several times<\/li>\n<li>Random descent restart<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1606.06041\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Random mutation descent<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Iterative descent<\/li>\n<li>ES (1 + 1, m, hc)<\/li>\n<li>Random bit climber<\/li>\n<li>Genetic algorithm (1 + 1)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4123\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4123\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">III. Iterated local search<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4123\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4123\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/stochastic-algorithms-2\/descent-methods\/\">Iterated local search<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/stochastic-algorithms-2\/variable-neighborhood-search\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Variable neighborhood search<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/225311098_Variable_Neighborhood_Decomposition_Search\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Finding Variable Neighborhood Decomposition<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/0-387-28356-0_8?error=cookies_not_supported&#038;code=6d351b3e-8876-4809-94a3-e19ef8615e45\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Asymmetric variable neighborhood<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/228692922_Parallel_Variable_Neighborhood_Searches\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parallel variable neighborhood<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/stochastic-algorithms-2\/grasp\/\">GRASP<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubsonline.informs.org\/action\/cookieAbsent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GRASP reactive<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-6530-4_10?error=cookies_not_supported&#038;code=6d50177c-e6f8-4f5a-bcc7-84c72a4ad4d4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GRASP parallel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/0-306-48056-5_11?error=cookies_not_supported&#038;code=e5fdd195-62f5-4f84-857f-3c12a7cf6e4d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Iterated descent<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.56.9897&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Markov chain with great stride<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/akira.ruc.dk\/~keld\/research\/LKH\/LKH-2.0\/DOC\/LKH_REPORT.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lin-Kernighan iterated<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/220669485_Chained_Lin-Kernighan_for_large_traveling_salesman_problems_INFORMS_Journal_on_Computing_15_82-92\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chained local optimization<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4124\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4124\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">IV. Guided local search<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4124\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4124\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/stochastic-algorithms-2\/local-search-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Guided local search (opens in a new tab)\">Guided local search<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/0-306-48056-5_7?error=cookies_not_supported&#038;code=a4926b7d-6c3e-4633-b42e-8a269a0c0b14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BROOM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.67.651&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Extended guided local search<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bracil.net\/csp\/papers\/Lau-Gga-PhD99.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guided genetic algorithm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8261609\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spiral optimization algorithm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4125\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4125\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">VI. Scattered research and taboo research<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4125\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4125\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/combinatorial-optimization-2\/dispersed-research\/\">Scattered research<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/combinatorial-optimization-2\/taboo-research\/\">Taboo search<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/5589636_Training_Neural_Nets_with_Reactive_Tabu_Search\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Responsive taboo<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-1-4615-5775-3_24?error=cookies_not_supported&#038;code=ad7730f0-9896-4bef-963a-cf54cfdf7693\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parallel taboo<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4126\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4126\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">VII. Sample average approximation and response surface methodoology<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4126\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4126\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/action\/cookieAbsent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample average approximation<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s101070050024?error=cookies_not_supported&#038;code=bfc44530-d2c2-4450-ae27-9b9476f4bac8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample path optimization<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/cookieAbsent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stochastic counter methods<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/action\/cookieAbsent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Retrospective optimization<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/book\/10.1007\/978-1-4614-0237-4?error=cookies_not_supported&#038;code=2f47f0a4-b7b5-4338-8d8b-0fbb31156447\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Optimization scenario<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10107-002-0313-2?error=cookies_not_supported&#038;code=3ccab423-dabd-4aa5-9dd3-2b8f6d340dfd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample average approximation<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/computer-science\/response-surface-methodology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Response surface methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4127\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4127\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">VIII. Tutorials<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4127\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4127\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\">Toggle Content<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-13293ce5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"13293ce5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-64523f03\" data-id=\"64523f03\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68945000 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68945000\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/stochastic-algorithms-2\/#Algorithmes-stochastiques\" >Stochastic algorithms<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Algorithmes-stochastiques\"><\/span>Stochastic algorithms<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div>Stochastic optimization (artificial intelligence) refers to a set of methods to minimize or maximize an objective function with randomness: random search, stochastic descent, iterated local search, guided local search, dispersed search, taboo search, sample average approximation, response surface methodology.<\/div>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Stochastic optimization refers to a set of methods for minimizing or maximizing an objective function with randomness. Over the past decades, these methods have become essential tools for science, engineering, business, computing and statistics.<\/p>\n<p>Specific applications are varied, but include: simulations to refine the placement of acoustic sensors, decide when water in a reservoir should be released for hydroelectric power generation, and optimize the parameters of a statistical model for a set of data.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9908 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Stochastic-optimization-methods-applied-for-sequence-alignment-problem.png\" alt=\"stochastic algorithms\" width=\"850\" height=\"514\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Stochastic-optimization-methods-applied-for-sequence-alignment-problem.png 850w, https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Stochastic-optimization-methods-applied-for-sequence-alignment-problem-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Stochastic-optimization-methods-applied-for-sequence-alignment-problem-768x464.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Theories Wiki Home Page I. Random Search (Stochastic Algorithms) Random Search Adaptive Random Search Adaptive Random Search (Step Size) Adaptive Directional Random Search Search \u2026 <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7101","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7101"}],"version-history":[{"count":38,"href":"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20661,"href":"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7101\/revisions\/20661"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/complex-systems-ai.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}